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【最具代表性的法式甜点之一！从酥皮到馅料，关键点和超强技法大解析！】

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闻名烘焙圈的法式经典甜品

“拿破仑”诞生于十七世纪，

可以说是最具代表性的法式甜点之一

拿破仑的法文名为Mille-feuille，

即100万层酥皮的意思，

所以它又被称为千层酥。

一份完美的拿破仑千层酥

酥、香、脆、焦、甜缺一不可

虽然拿破仑的制作材料很是简单，

却对酥皮的烘焙极其讲究，

相当考验甜点师的技艺!

很多人被酥皮繁琐的制作过程所难倒。

今天北京新东方烹饪大兴校区

西点教师苏扬

就为大家盘点一下

拿破仑制作的关键点

以及常见的一些难题和解决办法！

本期导师

苏扬

国家西式面点师（高级）

国家厨政管理师

高级西点讲师

优秀班主任

拿破仑制作关键点和答疑

以酥皮为例，难就难在“开酥”这个环节，甜点师需要花费长时间跟精力，在合适的室温与特定的环境下叠出层次感，这个环节十分考验技术，在开始制作前必须要注意的几个关键点：

1、不同的“油”在酥皮中有不同的作用

在酥皮的制作中常用到不同的油脂类材料，例如片状酥油、片状黄油、酥油。不同的材料会带给你的起酥类产品带来不同的作用。

油酥（粉跟酥油压拌而成）一般会用来制做暗酥，类似于老婆饼、蛋黄酥等。

片状酥油常用于制作明酥，类似于蛋挞这样层次在外的产品。因为片状酥油不含水，所以起酥的油性更强，这样做出来的产品外型的层次会更好看。

2、不要忽视油酥与油皮的软硬度

很多人会问：为什么在用面团包油的时候，油会跑出来？

其实这是因为大家常常忽视油酥与油皮软硬度的问题。

油皮和油的软硬度非常重要，油是需要提前打软的。如果油太硬，包的时候会破皮，造成混酥的情况。油皮和油酥的软硬度不一样，这样烤出来的产品没有层次，而且越做越粘。

3、关于面团的折法

面团在开酥时，一开始擀的形状很重要。对折的越整齐，层次就会越好，这样油酥和油皮的距离才会比较均匀。

折好的面团要用高温烘烤，在高温下油酥才会膨胀，形成层次感，咬下去有酥脆的感觉。低温烘烤的话会非常破坏产品的样子，因为油会化掉，并不会膨胀。

4、面团如何充分松弛？

熟悉拿破仑配方的人都知道，在折叠面团时每完成一个步骤就要将面团放入冰箱冷藏，这并不是因为闲着无聊，而是因为充分的松弛，能够让接下来的折叠过程更加流畅，且在焙烤时保证千层酥皮不易变形收缩。

5、在制作面团时如何正确“撒粉”？

在擀压起酥面团的时候，因为比较粘手，大家通常会撒粉。要注意的是不能撒太多的粉，这样会导致面团粘不起来，出现空心的状态。但如果粉太少，会粘住皮，然后油酥就会露出来。

所以撒粉有一个要诀：用多次撒粉，少撒粉的方式进行，达到防粘作用就可以。

上一篇：【丁朋】

下一篇：【罗星亮】

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